Types Of Prestressed Steel Products

From the simple forms of early prestressed crane beams and strut beams, modern structures such as stringed trusses, cable domes, cable-membrane structures, and glass curtain walls have been developed. There are many types of prestressed steel structures, which can be roughly summarized into four categories:

Traditional structure

In the traditional steel structure system, the cable system is arranged to apply prestress to improve the stress state, reduce the weight and cost. For example, prestressed trusses, grids, reticulated shells, etc. For example, Tianjin Ninghe Gymnasium, Panzhihua City Gymnasium's grid frame, reticulated shell roof, etc. The string trusses widely used in terminal buildings and convention and exhibition centers also fall into this category. The other is the suspension cable structure that has been used in engineering for a long time, such as Beijing Workers' Stadium and Zhejiang People's Stadium. Its structure is composed of two sets of load-bearing cables and stabilizing cables. The purpose of applying prestress is not to reduce and adjust internal force, but to improve and ensure rigidity.

Hanging structure type

The structure is composed of vertical supports (columns, portal frames, arch feet), slings and roofs. The support is higher than the roof, and the roof is suspended by hanging steel cables on the top. Prestress is applied to the sling to adjust the internal force of the roof, reduce the deflection and form an elastic fulcrum of the roof structure. Because the supports and slings are exposed to the atmosphere and point to the blue sky, they are also called exposed structures. For example, Jiangxi Stadium, Beijing Chaoyang Stadium, Hangzhou Huanglong Stadium, etc.

Overall tension type

It is an innovative structural system. The span structure discards the traditional flexural components, and is entirely composed of tensioned cables, membrane surfaces and compression struts. The roof structure is extremely light, and the design concept is novel, making it a leader in advanced structural systems. For example, Seoul Olympic main stadium, Munich Olympic sports complex, etc. Since this system is a foreign patent, there is no engineering example in China.

Tension metal film type

The metal diaphragm is fixed on the edge member, not only as a maintenance structure, but also as a load-bearing structure to participate in the overall load bearing. Or under tension, fix the diaphragm on the skeleton structure to form a spatial block structure to cover the span. Both are pre-stressed new systems born under the guidance of structural forming theory, which are used in several main stadiums of the Moscow Olympic Games. This technology is not mastered in China.